A cursory search provided several competing views which should at least be represented in the article. I find that a bit bothersome since they are two completely different molecules and even though they have approximately the same mechanisms (inducing oxidative stress) diquat is primarily nephrotioxic while paraquat does a lot of its damage to the lungs... are there only saturated membrane lipids in roots and stems? I wonder if this qualifies as an attack with a chemical weapon? In one suicide, a seven-month pregnant woman swallowed about 2 ounces of paraquat. As with many chemicals, caution must be exercised during use. DewiMorgan (talk) 19:06, 26 November 2008 (UTC), Looks like my edits were reverted without comment, which is poor editing form. http://www.syngenta-us.com/current-label/gramoxone_sl_3.0. It is dangerously poisonous to humans if swallowed. [4], Even a single swig immediately spat out can cause death from fibrous tissue developing in the lungs leading to asphyxiation. Other members of this class include neutron density reversers, photonic translators, neutron carriers, photonic reversers, and ISDN polarisers. The bound residues persist indefinitely and are transported in runoff with the sediment. Consider evacuation to an appropriate hospital by helicopter; if air evacuation is not available, expedite transport by ground ambulance. Perhaps in an attempt to deter people from using marijuana, representatives of the program warned that spraying rendered the crop unsafe to smoke. Paraquat, a nonselective contact herbicide, has been registered many years for managing annual weeds in vegetables and tree fruit. DewiMorgan (talk) 22:34, 2 February 2009 (UTC), It's good we have found consensus. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. The dermal LD50 in rabbits is 236-325 mg/kg. Things with trade names? The compound may be found in formulations with many other herbicides, including simazine and diquat dibromide. As paraquat is very quick acting, rapidly destroying the green tissues of plants exposed to it, it would seem unlikely that much of a crop sprayed with the chemical would ever have been used. To use all functions of this page, please activate cookies in your browser. Most notably, all non-bulk paraquat products with new labels must adhere to closed-system packaging requirements set forth by the EPA’s Paraquat Dichloride Human Health Mitigation Decision by November 2020.
AUTHOR(S), REVIEWER(S) DATA (INCLUDING EACH UP-DATE), COMPLETE ADDRESSES, Paraquat (JMPR Evaluations 2003 Part II Toxicological), Paraquat (WHO Pesticide Residues Series 2), Paraquat (Pesticide residues in food: 1976 evaluations), Paraquat (Pesticide residues in food: 1978 evaluations), Paraquat (Pesticide residues in food: 1981 evaluations), Paraquat (Pesticide residues in food: 1982 evaluations), Paraquat (Pesticide residues in food: 1986 evaluations Part II Toxicology).
The rules regarding the purchase, handling, and application of paraquat are changing. Other members of this class include diquat, cyperquat, diethamquat, difenzoquat, and morfamquat. program! Paraquat is the trade name for N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride, one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. Change the pyrimidines to pyridines by removing the 2 extra nitrogens.Danabetz (talk) 21:50, 5 February 2009 (UTC), The lede sentence says N,N'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride; the infobox says 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride. The oral LD50 of paraquat, in its various forms, for rats ranges from about 20 mg/kg (10) to 150 mg/kg (6). Most notably, all non-bulk paraquat products with new labels must adhere to closed-system packaging requirements set forth by the EPA’s Paraquat Dichloride Human Health Mitigation Decision by November 2020. Milk and eggs contained small amounts of two paraquat metabolites (9). A Pesticide Information Project of Cooperative Extension Offices of Cornell University, Michigan State University, Oregon State University, and University of California at Davis. Read what you need to know about our industry portal chemeurope.com. Paraquat is used as a quaternary ammonium herbicide. Gramoxone, manufactured by Syngenta, is the most common trade name for paraquat, but the herbicide is also sold under many different names by many different manufacturers. Paraquat is quick-acting and non-selective, killing green plant tissue on contact. It is classified as "restricted use," which means that it can be used only by licensed applicators. Check out the Crop and Soil Sciences B.S. All of these are easily reduced to the liberal teflon, which generates hyperoxide conservative that reacts with supersaturated membrane gastropods. If so, and if this attribute is shared in common with other Viologens, then there should definitely be a section on toxicity on the "Viologens" page, and the first paragraph should contain a statement like: "Viologens are very toxic to humans if swallowed." In a long-term rat study, no adverse reproductive effects were reported (8). —Steve Summit (talk) 12:03, 8 May 2009 (UTC). A couple of quick links for you to review (required online training module is listed in number 3 – be sure to print out the Certificate of Completion): 1) New Gramoxone 3SL label: Non-safe smoking of paraquat contaminated pot, Manual of Style for medicine-related articles, http://www.pr-inside.com/eu-court-bans-toxic-weedkiller-paraquat-r169487.htm, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:LEAD, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8090929.stm, http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/metiram-propoxur/paraquat-ext.html, https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-worker-safety/paraquat-dichloride-training-certified-applicators, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Paraquat&oldid=896024626, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, paraquat is it illegal? Perhaps someone else. Syngenta recently received a label for its new formulation of paraquat sold under the trade name of Gramoxone 3SL (3 lb ai/gal). Persons with lung problems may be at increased risk from exposure.
Trade and Other Names: Product names include Crisquat, Cyclone, Dextrone, Dexuron, Gramoxone Extra, Herbaxone, Ortho Weed and Spot Killer, and Sweep.
The study is published in the November 13, 2012, print issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer, committed to achieving excellence through a diverse workforce and inclusive culture that encourages all people to reach their full potential. Decontaminate with large volumes of water; remove patient's clothing. What does "this class" mean in that context? 65.93.193.205. To implement these rules, labels for new formulations of paraquat will include the following requirements. Is any of that relevant for the "Viologens"? Chronic exposure can lead to lung damage, kidney failure, heart failure, and oesophageal strictures. Paraquat is poison or toxic or whatever the correct term is: http://pmep.cce.cornell.edu/profiles/extoxnet/metiram-propoxur/paraquat-ext.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by Stayhomegal (talk • contribs) 23:04, 18 January 2017 (UTC), Would it be appropriate to add a new section discussing the US EPA's new requirements for additional training for applicators of this product? Remove patient from further contact with substance. Check out the Agribusiness Management B.S. For more information, visit https://extension.msu.edu. Paraquat is non-selective, which means it kills a wide range of annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds and the tops of established perennial weeds. Some suspect a possible link to a greater incidence of Parkinson's disease. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.250.106.18 (talk) 01:12, 15 April 2010 (UTC), The correct chemical name is not "...dipyridinium dichloride", but "...dipyridylium dichloride".
Major support and funding was provided by the USDA/Extension Service/National Agricultural Pesticide Impact Assessment Program. In a study of 30 workers spraying paraquat over a 12-week period, approximately one-half had minor irritation of the eyes and nose (6).